VPC
Cloud is mainly managed datacenters, means, there are physical machines, disk, storage, racks etc , where all the capex is managed by the Service provider like AWS, AZURE, GCP and we just use there services, so there is very less upfront cost in setting up the DC or Infra for your Application. Now everything is placed at one place, so how can bifarcation happens who is using which part of Netowrk and Datacenter. This is where concept of VPC comes into picture, where user /organization is allocated a Private space or Private cloud that is hosted in Public Cloud .
Subnet :
Subnet is like distributing the large Network into small, Manageable network and it has its own Range.
Route Tables :
Route Tables are actualy routes, which tells the packets what will be the path to reach particular destination. It can also be termed as the best possible path for packet to travel from source to Destination.
PN :: Each subnet in a VPC must be associated with a route table. You can create your own custom route table for each subnet, or modify the default route table that comes with each net
Internetgateway:
IG is a component that allows the VPC to communicate with Public Internet
Below is the Diagram that show relationship Between all these components
